For instance, Survivin encoded by BIRC5 not only modulates cell cycle progression but also contributes to immune escape by upregulating PD-L1 expression (45, 46);MAGEA1 and PRAME, as classical cancer-testis antigens, possess strong immunogenicity and have been recognized as effective targets for TCR-T cell therapies under specific HLA contexts (47, 48). The gene discussed is MAGEA1; the disease is cancer.