Based on the above results in AML mice and previous literatures, a total of nine candidate cytokines, including 5 cytokines (CXCL11, G‐CSF, IL‐16, IL‐5 and sICAM‐1), whose expressions were higher in both spleen and bone marrow of AML group, and another 4 cytokines reported in previous research that might be involved in AML progression (CCL3, CCL4, CXCL10 and CXCL12) [7, 23, 24], were selected for further investigation in AML patients. This evidence concerns the gene CXCL11 and acute myeloid leukemia.