This observational cohort study used electronic health record data from UK primary care (Clinical Practice Research Datalink, 2013–2020) of adults with type 2 diabetes, eGFR ≥60 ml/min per 1.73 m2 and uACR <30 mg/mmol, without heart failure or atherosclerotic vascular disease, who were starting treatment with either SGLT2 inhibitors or the comparator drugs dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP4) inhibitors/sulfonylureas. This evidence concerns the gene SLC5A2 and type 2 diabetes mellitus.