Our analysis of the retinal transcriptome profile confirms the effect of NACET on both oxidative stress (by rescuing pathways that are upregulated by diabetes and include genes involved in the respiratory chain, such as Cox6a1, Uqcrc1, Ndufs2, Vdac2, Ndufv3, Ndufv1) [42,43] and neurodegeneration (by rescuing pathways that are downregulated by diabetes and include genes encoding ionotropic glutamate receptor subunits, such as Gria1-4, Grin1 and 2b, Grik1 and 2, and Grm7, all markers for neuronal cells and RGCs in particular) [44,45] (Supplemented Dataset 7). This evidence concerns the gene GRIA1 and diabetes mellitus.