Alpha‐1 antitrypsin deficiency (A1ATD) occurs concurrently with other risk factors such as liver disease, NAFLD, and HCV; A1ATD‐associated HCC is connected with several mechanisms, including mutations in cyclin D1 and melanoma cell adhesion molecule (MCAM) regulation, delayed endoplasmic reticulum protein degradation, and mitochondrial dysfunction [180] (Tables 2 and 3). The gene discussed is MCAM; the disease is alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency.