CASP1 and schizophrenia: Similarly, HERV-W env upregulates NLRP3, CASP1, and GSDMD expression, promoting lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and IL-1β release and inducing CASP1–GSDMD-dependent neuron pyroptosis in recent-onset schizophrenia (Jia et al., 2025).