ERVW-1 and schizophrenia: Similarly, HERV-W env regulates schizophrenia risk genes through phosphorylation-related pathways, activating cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) phosphorylation to upregulate the expression of the small conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channel gene (KCNN2) in human neuroblastoma cells, thereby modulating neuronal excitability and synaptic signaling (Li et al., 2013).