Other published literature shows that coronary artery endothelial cells isolated from donors with T1D, when activated with inflammatory stimuli also have increased expression of IL‐6 and ICAM‐1 and increased NF‐kB activation [44] and that patients with T1D have elevated serum CCL2 [45], IL‐6 [5] and soluble VCAM‐1 [46], which correlate with disease complications including vascular disease. Here, VCAM1 is linked to type 1 diabetes mellitus.