Upregulation of dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPYD), which catalyzes the catabolism and inactivation of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in pyrimidine-based chemotherapy, has been linked to increased proliferation, invasion, angiogenesis, and resistance to 5-FU treatment in PC. The gene discussed is DPYD; the disease is pachyonychia congenita.