Commonly dysregulated pathways, including PI3K/Akt, JAK/STAT, Hedgehog, Notch, and Wnt/β-catenin have all been the focus of targeted therapies in cancer cells and cancer stem cells, showing promise in preclinical models (Liu and Wang, 2024; Sloan et al., 2023; Li et al., 2015). This evidence concerns the gene AKT1 and cancer.