Current treatments (e.g., granulocyte colony-stimulating factor [G-CSF] for neutropenia, erythropoiesis-stimulating agents [ESAs] or transfusions for anemia, thrombopoietin receptor agonists [TPO-RAs] or transfusions for thrombocytopenia) only manage symptoms after CIM occurs and do not prevent it. The gene discussed is CSF3; the disease is anemia (phenotype).