INS and type 2 diabetes mellitus: Diabetes mellitus comprises a group of chronic metabolic illnesses distinguished as high blood glucose levels resulting from deficiencies in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both.1 Unlike type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), which is an autoimmune disorder marked by the destruction of insulin-producing beta cells, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) primarily arises due to insulin resistance along with varying degrees of insulin deficiency.2 The World Health Organization (WHO) estimated that 422 million people worldwide had diabetes in 2014.