The differences in methylation seen between the offspring of mothers with and without T1D are consistent with reduced transcription of FARP2, HLA-C, LY6G5B, PRRC2A, RNF5, SKAP2 and SLC44A4 and increased expression of HLA-A, POLR1H, SKIC2 and VARS2 (Fig. 4b and Supplementary Table 3). Here, VARS2 is linked to type 1 diabetes mellitus.