TGFB1 and neoplasm: In conclusion, this study highlights the critical role of lncMB3 in G3 MB apoptosis regulation through TGF-β pathway modulation and interaction with underexplored genes, such as HMGN5. LncMB3 stands out as a key regulatory node linking MYC amplification to enhanced tumour cell survival via cell death inhibition (Fig. 7).