Regression analysis showed that T2DM patients who completed 12 weeks of HIIT (total volume ∼1,260 min) had a stronger correlation between p-PARKIN levels and increased [CI + II]P (maximal OXPHOS capacity) than those with lower volume (e.g., 2 weeks of HIIT, total volume ∼84 min), confirming that cumulative exercise exposure optimizes mitophagy-mediated mitochondrial quality control (Mastrototaro et al., 2024; Hey-Mogensen et al., 2010). The gene discussed is PRKN; the disease is type 2 diabetes mellitus.