In specific included studies, Mogensen et al. reported that 10 weeks of aerobic training (∼65% VO2peak) significantly increased PPARG expression in T2DM (PPARA unchanged), which drives mitochondrial biogenesis by activating PGC-1α, NRF-1, and TFAM to coordinate mtDNA and nuclear DNA transcription (Hey-Mogensen et al., 2010). The gene discussed is PPARGC1A; the disease is type 2 diabetes mellitus.