This explains why patients with longer T2DM duration (e.g., 8–15 years) required 10 weeks of HIIT to significantly elevate SOD2 (Baasch-Skytte et al., 2021), whereas those with shorter duration (three to five years) showed faster SOD2 adaptations with moderate training (Brinkmann et al., 2012). Here, SOD2 is linked to type 2 diabetes mellitus.