S100A8 and cardiovascular disorder: In recent years, the neutrophil-derived S100 calcium-binding protein A8/A9 (S100A8/A9) has attracted more and more attention as an important early warning protein of cardiovascular diseases, which has a multi-aspect impact on cardiovascular diseases such as atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury and heart failure, and is considered as a key biomarker for the diagnosis and prediction of various cardiovascular diseases (Sun et al., 2024).