VEGFA and glioblastoma: HCMV US28 activates the HIF-1α/PKM2 axis in glioblastoma cells, resulting in increased VEGF and lactate secretion, as well as enhanced expression of HIF-1 target genes, including glucose transporter type 1 and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, which are both involved in glucose metabolism [153].