RELA and infection: Moreover, another study revealed a novel function of the HN glycoprotein in increasing the infection and replication of velogenic NDV, as evidenced by the suppression of IκB-α degradation, p65/RelA nuclear translocation, and NF-κB activation by the velogenic NDV HN glycoprotein, which eventually resulted in increased apoptosis and autophagy to promote viral infection and replication [186] (Figure 4).