Moreover, concomitant changes in hunger and satiety hormones have been reported in individuals with obesity, including increased fasting and postprandial ghrelin levels, along with decreased postprandial glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) and peptide YY (PYY) levels (Aukan et al., 2023). The gene discussed is GCG; the disease is obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.