TP53 and neoplasm: (2023) reported that the anticancer activity of metformin in malignant cells is primarily mediated by activation of AMPK, which in turn engages multiple downstream pathways that cooperatively suppress tumor growth, The AMPK‐driven mechanisms include inhibition of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and modulation of key regulators such as Cyclin D1, p53, p21, p27, and Akt, thereby exerting antiproliferative effects.