On the one hand, NAT10 (activated by HIF-1α transcription) enhances the stability of NFE2L3 mRNA through catalyzing ac4C modification, thereby upregulating LASP1 expression, activating the AKT/GSK3β/β-catenin signaling pathway, and promoting tumor cell proliferation, migration, in vivo growth, and metastasis in ccRCC (Sun et al., 2025). Here, GSK3B is linked to nonpapillary renal cell carcinoma.