In addition, indicators of baseline liver function (Child–Pugh grade, albumin, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, γ-glutamyl transferase) and general conditions (such as sarcopenia and hypertension) were comparable among the three cohorts, ensuring model comparability and reliability for subsequent analyses (Table S2). Here, ALB is linked to sarcopenia.