Additionally, the overlap between BC and DC, as well as between CC and DC, is shown in Fig. 1J and K. Notably, four genes—Fos, Bcl2, Egfr, and Creb1—ranked in the top four positions for all three centrality measures (BC, CC, and DC), confirming them as top hub genes in both the BC ∩ DC and CC ∩ DC analyses. Here, EGFR is linked to breast cancer.