Consistently, iAstrocytes derived from SOD1 (n = 1), C9orf72 (n = 3) and sporadic (n = 2) ALS cases displayed lower levels of NQO1, a downstream target of NRF2 [18, 20], compared to age-matched healthy controls, under baseline conditions (Fig. 5A, B, one-way ANOVA followed by Dunnett’s multiple comparisons test; full blots in Suppl. The gene discussed is SOD1; the disease is amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.