Based on these findings, future strategies for developing CD39/CD73 inhibitors may include: (1) the design of novel small molecules, (2) structural optimization, (3) the creation of bispecific antibodies targeting different antigens, (4) the enhancement of drug delivery systems to ensure high drug loading efficiency while minimizing toxicity, (5) the implementation of cocktail therapies aimed at multiple epitopes, (6) improvements in tumor selectivity, (7) the exploration of biomarkers for patient stratification, and (8) the combination with other therapeutic modalities. The gene discussed is ENTPD1; the disease is neoplasm.