Current evidence points towards the importance of tumor-initiating receptor-ligand interactions, e.g., FcγR-antibody complexes, TCR-MHC engagement (Miyake and Karasuyama, 2021), CD47-SIRPα signalling (Park et al., 2022), cell intrinsic regulators such as CH25H mediated cholesterol metabolism and ATF3 transcriptional control within the TME (Lu et al., 2022). This evidence concerns the gene HLA-C and neoplasm.