HIF-1α itself behaves as an oncogene that accelerates tumor growth and dissemination by sustaining hypoxia-responsive signaling and up-regulating HIF-2α target genes, including cyclin D1, c-Myc, VEGF-A, EGFR, TGF-α, and GLUT-1 (Mazumder et al., 2023). Here, VEGFA is linked to neoplasm.