Similarly, S100A8/A9 proteins, which are alarmins released by tumor cells, facilitate the recruitment and accumulation of MDSCs within the TME by binding to receptors such as RAGE and TLR4, thereby promoting their survival and expansion (Obermajer et al., 2012; Ostrand-Rosenberg and Sinha, 2009). The gene discussed is S100A8; the disease is neoplasm.