Currently, 8 known MDPs, including Humanin (HN), MOTS-c, and small humanin-like peptides 1 to 6 (SHLPs 1 to 6), can mitigate disease progression, including cardiovascular disease (CVD), Alzheimer’s disease (AD), diabetes, and macular degeneration [128]. The gene discussed is MT-RNR2; the disease is macular degeneration.