It was found that the number of CD31+ microvessels in the boundary area of ischemic brains was reduced in diabetic mice compared with control (−37.2%, p < 0.05), which was significantly increased in 4-week AKG treated diabetic mice (+38.3%, p < 0.05 vs. Diabetes) (Figure 2F). This evidence concerns the gene PECAM1 and diabetes mellitus.