MTOR and brain neoplasm: Loss of TSC2 function has been particularly implicated in cancers that demonstrate aggressive clinical behavior, including renal cell carcinoma and certain brain tumors.14,15 Due to its central role in mTORC1 regulation, TSC2 has garnered attention as a potential therapeutic target.16–19 In cancers with TSC2 loss, targeted therapies using mTOR inhibitors such as everolimus and temsirolimus have demonstrated promise in preclinical and clinical studies, providing a strategy to counteract the growth-promoting effects of mTOR hyperactivation.