PTEN and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: Old age, obesity, lack of physical activity, family history or mutations in genes (BRCA1, BRCA2, TP53, PTEN, PALB2, STK11, NF1), exposure to external hormones or radiation, and alcohol and tobacco use are among the numerous risk factors linked to an increased risk of breast cancer (Ajabnoor 2023).