SMAD5 and cancer: Proteomics analysis identified 19 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) from HeLa cancer cells after TMF treatment, including downregulation of HSP60, sTNF‐R1, JNK, TAK1 (S412), TBK1 (S172), ZAP70 (Y292), ATF2, c‐Fos, c‐JUN, Smad1, Smad5, and Stat6 (Tyr64), alongside upregulation of sTNF‐R2, AKT, GSK3b, MKK3, MKK6, MSK2, and P38.