INS and myelodysplastic syndrome: Regarding hematologic malignancies, a retrospective cohort study investigating people receiving insulin, metformin, or GLP-1R agonists for T2D showed that GLP-1R agonist users had a significantly lower risk of myelodysplastic syndromes and myeloproliferative neoplasms compared with metformin users, and a lower risk for myeloid or lymphoid leukemia, lymphoid leukemia, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, myelodysplastic syndromes, myeloproliferative neoplasms, monoclonal gammopathy, multiple myeloma, and amyloidosis compared with insulin users (22).