In contrast, in a large retrospective cohort study encompassing several types of cancer, Wang et al. found that compared with insulin, GLP-1R agonist use was associated with a significantly lower risk for gallbladder cancer, meningioma, pancreatic cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, multiple myeloma, endometrial cancer, ovarian cancer, colorectal cancer, esophageal cancer, and kidney cancer (24). This evidence concerns the gene INS and cancer.