TNF and atherosclerosis: Similarly, control mice with Pcsk9 overexpression–induced atherosclerosis treated with 10 μg/kg semaglutide for 18 weeks also showed reduced liver inflammation, as confirmed by quantitative PCR analysis of Col1a1, Tnf, Ccl2, Tgfb1, Cd3g, Il2, and Il4 expression (29).