Interestingly, the involvement of human CXCL16 in cognitive impairment and dementia is also supported by other studies on human subjects, showing an inverse correlation between CXCL16 plasma levels and total brain volumes37 and a direct correlation of its serum levels with the brain presence of large atherosclerotic plaque and micro-embolic signs38. This evidence concerns the gene CXCL16 and Cognitive impairment.