AKT1 and colorectal carcinoma: It has been reported that lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from P. gingivalis promotes autophagy via the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway in cells (Liu et al., 2018; Lu et al., 2024); however, we did not confirm whether autophagy is stimulated by P. gingivalis LPS or by other bacterial components in CRC.