However, its mislocalization to the cytoplasm,followed by aberrant accumulation and aggregation, is a hallmark ofseveral neurodegenerative diseases, most notably amyotrophic lateralsclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD).−, ,  Emerging evidence suggests thatpathological TDP-43 aggregation often originates from liquid–liquidphase separation (LLPS),, a reversible processthrough which proteins and nucleic acids condense into dynamic, membranelessorganelles. The gene discussed is TARDBP; the disease is frontotemporal dementia.