Whole-exome sequencing (WES) of gastric cancer samples revealed that MACF1 mutations are moderately common in patients with peritoneal metastases.[41,42] A study assessing circulating tumor cell-free deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) (cfDNA) from patients with gastric cancer found a higher MACF1 mutation in stage IV than in stages I-III, suggesting an association between MACF1 expression and gastric cancer metastasis. Here, MACF1 is linked to neoplasm.