Similarly, another specific PAD4 inhibitor YW3-56 (61) and the pan-PAD inhibitor Cl-amidine (84, 152) were proven effective in improving renal injury and enhancing survival rates in murine models of I/R-AKI and rabbit models of lipopolysaccharide-induced septic shock respectively, yet these PAD-inhibiting drugs have not undergone clinical trials, and the degree of NET inhibition or the preservation of essential NETs by such inhibitors might be critical determinants of clinical efficacy. Here, PADI4 is linked to Shock.