Both sustained ROS production due to defective NRF2 activation and defective CMA have previously been linked to double-strand breaks and DNA damage (Gruosso et al, 2016; Park et al, 2015), we detected significantly high levels of DNA damage (~25% γH2AX+ cells) in AMD iPSC-RPE that were decreased to the levels of healthy iPSC-RPE in the presence of CA77.1 (Fig. 5F). This evidence concerns the gene NFE2L2 and age-related macular degeneration.