INS and adrenal cortex adenoma: Several studies have investigated whether patients with nonfunctioning adrenal incidentalomas (NFAI) have an increased cardiometabolic risk, based on surrogate parameters such as the augmentation index (Aix), carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT), flow-mediated dilation (FMD), insulin resistance (IR), left ventricular mass index (LVMI), and pulse wave velocity (PWV), compared to patients without adrenal incidentalomas (AI).