Additionally, the proportion of total CD4+ T cells in lung tissue was approximately 2.5-fold higher in COPD and IPF patients compared to donors (Table 2, Figure 2B); those differences demonstrate that overall, lung tissue of patients with COPD and IPF had approximately 7.2-fold higher fraction of Th1 lymphocytes than donors and thus highly induced type 1 immunity. This evidence concerns the gene CD4 and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.