Previous research by our group has shown that PCa cells with high ALDH activity are associated with elevated clonogenicity and invasiveness in vitro and increased tumor progression and metastasis formation in vivo (22, 24).The percentage of ALDHhigh subpopulation of PCa stem/progenitor cells was reduced upon treatment with penfluridol after 48 hours (Figure 1D) In line with these findings, clonogenic assays revealed a dose-dependent reduction in number of colonies and colony area in human PCa cells exposed to penfluridol (Figure 1E, Supplementary Figure 1C). Here, LDHA is linked to neoplasm.