It was reported that, following return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC), a systemic ischemia/reperfusion injury could trigger the systemic inflammatory activation resembling the process of sepsis, which was characterized by elevated levels of inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin (IL)-6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, without the presence of endotoxin in plasma5. Here, TNF is linked to Sepsis.