LEP and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: However, subgroup analyses revealed significant associations between the G allele of the rs1137101 variant and lower leptin levels (SMD = -0.16 ng/mL, 95% CI = -0.33 to -0.001 ng/mL, p = 0.049) in Africans, as well as higher glucose levels (SMD = 0.17 mg/dL, 95% CI = 0.001 to 0.33 mg/dL, p = 0.049) in individuals with overweight/obesity (Table 3).