INS and polycystic ovary syndrome: Gut microbiota dysbiosis may exacerbate Insulin Resistance (IR): The double-edged sword effect of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs): SCFAs (e.g., butyrate, propionic acid) produced by probiotic fermentation of dietary fiber could have improved insulin sensitivity and energy metabolism.However, the production of SCFAs may be unbalanced under the dysbacteriosis associated with PCOS.