A composite of sleep health score (using satisfaction, alertness, timing, and efficiency) in a cross-sectional study of 75 young adults showed that better sleep health was significantly associated with higher achievement of glycemic targets (time in range and J index); however, these associations did not persist after considering covariates (T1DM duration, race, the mode of insulin delivery, and sleep apnea risk) (23). This evidence concerns the gene INS and sleep apnea syndrome.