In DSS-colitis, LP@TA-Fe/SX preserved epithelial architecture and crypt morphology, downregulated pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, IFN-γ), increased IL-10, and restored barrier markers (ZO-1, occludin-1, MUC2) (Yao et al., 2022; Li M. et al., 2024; Huang et al., 2025). The gene discussed is TJP1; the disease is colitis.