These include demographic factors (e.g., age, BMI, unemployment, financial stress), health history (especially prior depression), psychosocial stressors (e.g., life events, anxiety), hormonal changes (elevated FSH, LH, and estradiol), and menopausal symptoms like night sweats and vasomotor disturbances (Chu et al., 2022). The gene discussed is PLOD1; the disease is major depressive disorder.