These include demographic factors (e.g., age, BMI, unemployment, financial stress), health history (especially prior depression), psychosocial stressors (e.g., life events, anxiety), hormonal changes (elevated FSH, LH, and estradiol), and menopausal symptoms like night sweats and vasomotor disturbances (Chu et al., 2022). Here, PLOD1 is linked to depressive disorder.