A potential causative factor of LC, in a large subset of patients, is that reservoirs of virus and/or viral RNA (vRNA) or fragments may persist and replicate in multiple sites of the body, which may drive chronic inflammation and provide continuous viral antigenic stimuli to exhausted CD4+ and CD8+ T cells [31,33,34,35,36]. Here, CD8A is linked to laryngotracheoesophageal cleft.